Balboa GS523DZ
Some Balboa SPA controllers expose a RS-485 connection (to add on a Balboa Wifi module) which makes it possible to communicate with it. Then the following types of projects are a possibility:
https://github.com/ccutrer/balboa_worldwide_app/wiki
https://github.com/cribskip/esp8266_spa
The Balboa DS523DZ does not have any RS-485 from what I have understood, so we are left with two other options:
There is a connection for "Dolphin Remote" which seems to have some kind of SPI bus which could possibly be used:
https://www.olivierhill.ca/archives/72-The-Internet-of-Spas.html
The third option is to intercept the signal that goes between the mainboard and the display unit:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xuc5N6-Q7J7bQxBARYjUywhqkIFjOnh8vAHqEya5QAI/edit
https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=175399
https://github.com/heisler3030/homebridge-spaberry
https://github.com/heisler3030/spaberry
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-Y5wH2sz1px8FiBiOiYuzq-N7vTPD8VZ9AVfSoYJa4Y/edit#gid=0
Big question is if I could hook into port J2 "in parallell" with the display to avoid putting an arduino in between the display and the control board.
The last resort is of course always to create your own SPA controller, compatible with the top panel:
https://hackaday.io/project/171003-openspa
It has some nice information on the protocol to the display as well: https://github.com/NickB1/OpenSpa/blob/master/documents/Balboa/Balboa_Display_Measurements.pdf